By Denis Hay
Description
Learn how Australia can tackle Earth Systems collapse by addressing fossil fuels, livestock farming, and using CSIRO’s expertise in sustainable solutions.
Introduction
Australia is home to unique ecosystems and biodiversity that are rapidly being degraded by human activities. Fossil fuel dependency, unsustainable agricultural practices, and habitat destruction have pushed the nation to ecological collapse. This article explores the topic of earth systems collapse and presents solutions, including the role of the CSIRO and rewilding marginal lands to secure Australia’s environmental and economic future.
Understanding Earth Systems and Their Fragility
What Are Earth Systems?
Earth Systems are interdependent processes that sustain life. In Australia, these systems include:
Atmosphere: Affected by emissions from coal and gas industries.
Biosphere: Home to endemic species like the koala and platypus, which are increasingly threatened.
Hydrosphere: Rivers such as the Murray-Darling Basin are essential for agriculture and biodiversity but face severe stress.
The Dual Threats of Fossil Fuels and Livestock Farming in Australia
Fossil Fuels in Australia
Australia is still one of the largest exporters of coal and liquefied natural gas, with devastating environmental consequences.
The Legacy of Abandoned Mines
Mining has played a critical role in Australia’s economic development but has left behind a toxic environmental legacy. Many mining companies abandon sites after extracting valuable resources without proper rehabilitation, causing long-term damage to ecosystems and communities.
Environmental Impact
Toxic Waste Leachate: Abandoned mines often contain hazardous materials, including heavy metals like arsenic, lead, and mercury, that leach into the surrounding soil and waterways. This contamination poses severe risks to local wildlife and human populations.
Acid Mine Drainage (AMD): One of the most severe consequences of AMD is when sulphide minerals in exposed rock react with air and water to form sulfuric acid. This acidic runoff dissolves heavy metals, polluting rivers, streams, and groundwater.
Loss of Biodiversity: Vegetation near abandoned mines struggles to recover due to soil toxicity and erosion, leading to habitat loss for native species.
Social and Economic Impact
Health Hazards: Communities near abandoned mines face increased risks of health issues, such as respiratory illnesses from dust and diseases linked to contaminated water.
Visual Scars: Abandoned sites leave unsightly scars on the landscape. They are often located near regional communities reliant on tourism, harming their economic potential.
Case Examples in Australia
Mount Morgan Mine (Queensland): This abandoned gold mine has been leaking acidic water into the Dee River for decades. Efforts to address the damage have been slow and costly.
Ranger Uranium Mine (Northern Territory): Although closed, the site remains a significant environmental challenge, with radioactive waste needing careful management to protect surrounding areas.
Public Cleanup Costs: The burden of rehabilitation falls on taxpayers, as in Queensland, where the liability is $1 billion. This issue arises due to inadequate enforcement of mining regulations and insufficient bonds or guarantees against mining companies.
The scale of the Problem
Unrehabilitated Mines: Australia has over 50,000 abandoned mines, many of which require significant intervention to prevent further environmental degradation.
Ballooning Costs: In Queensland alone, the estimated rehabilitation costs for abandoned mines exceed $1 billion (source). This amount is expected to rise as more mining sites are abandoned.
Why Taxpayers Are Paying the Bill
Corporate Loopholes: Some companies declare bankruptcy or dissolve their operations, leaving behind unrehabilitated sites.
Insufficient Bonds: Rehabilitation bonds required by state governments are often too low to cover the full costs of restoring mine sites.
Regulatory Oversight: Enforcement of rehabilitation obligations has historically been weak, allowing companies to neglect their responsibilities.
Broader Implications
Environmental Justice: Rural and Indigenous communities, often located near mining operations, disproportionately bear the environmental and social costs of abandoned mines.
Economic Mismanagement: Instead, public funds used for mine rehabilitation could be invested in renewable energy projects, infrastructure, or healthcare.
Potential Solutions
Stronger Regulations: Governments must ensure mining companies post bonds that accurately reflect rehabilitation costs.
Polluter Pays Principle: Enforcing laws that hold companies financially responsible for their environmental impact, even after closure.
Community Involvement: Empowering local communities to monitor mining operations and advocate for stricter rehabilitation standards.
Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Exports
Over $10 billion in subsidies were provided to fossil fuel companies in 2022-23.
Australia’s coal and gas exports drive global carbon emissions, worsening climate change and threatening ecosystems like the Great Barrier Reef.
By understanding the depth of abandoned mines’ environmental and financial challenges, Australians can push for more stringent policies to prevent further damage and hold mining companies accountable for their legacies.
Livestock Farming in Australia
Livestock farming is a leading cause of environmental degradation in Australia.
Deforestation and Habitat Loss
Land clearing for cattle grazing is responsible for significant deforestation, especially in Queensland.
Habitat destruction displaces wildlife, including endangered species like the cassowary.
Water and Land Use
Water: Producing one kilogram of beef requires up to 15,000 litres of water, a critical issue in drought-prone Australia.
Land: Livestock farming occupies more than half of the country’s landmass, crowding out native ecosystems.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Livestock farming contributes significantly to emissions:
Methane: Cattle emit methane, a potent greenhouse gas.
Nitrous Oxide: Fertilisers for feed crops release nitrous oxide.
Pollution of Waterways
Runoff from livestock operations pollutes rivers and coastal ecosystems, contributing to:
Algal blooms in freshwater systems.
Sedimentation on the Great Barrier Reef, which reduces coral health.
Solutions for Livestock Farming
Transition to plant-based and lab-grown protein alternatives.
Support regenerative agricultural practices to improve soil and water health.
Enforce stricter deforestation laws to protect native habitats.
Solutions to Avert Ecological Catastrophe in Australia
Phasing Out Fossil Fuels
Transitioning from fossil fuels is essential:
Expand renewable energy infrastructure, including solar and wind.
Invest in job training for workers transitioning from coal and gas industries.
End subsidies to fossil fuel companies and redirect funds to clean energy projects.
Transitioning from Animal Agriculture to Alternatives
Encourage a shift from livestock farming to sustainable protein production:
Promote crops like lentils and chickpeas that require less water and land.
Invest in precision fermentation and lab-grown meat technologies.
A Vision for Sustainable Food Systems in Australia
The Role of CSIRO in Agricultural Innovation
Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) is a global agricultural and environmental research leader. In the past, it played a key role in pioneering wheat and barley varieties suited to Australia’s arid conditions. Moving forward, CSIRO can lead in:
Developing drought-resistant crops to address climate variability.
Advancing technologies for lab-grown proteins and precision fermentation.
Supporting sustainable farming practices that reduce environmental impacts.
Reinvesting in the CSIRO’s expertise is critical for restoring Australia’s position as a leader in agricultural innovation.
Rewilding Marginal Lands
Rewilding marginal lands refers to restoring degraded or unproductive areas to their natural ecosystems. This approach has multiple benefits:
Carbon Sequestration: Restored forests and wetlands absorb carbon dioxide, mitigating climate change.
Biodiversity Recovery: Rewilding allows native plants and animals to flourish, rebuilding ecosystems.
Soil Health: Restored lands improve soil structure and reduce erosion.
Examples in Australia
Koala Habitats: Reforestation projects in New South Wales aim to create wildlife corridors for koalas.
Wetlands: Restoring wetlands in the Murray-Darling Basin improves water quality and supports bird populations.
Rewilding marginal lands aligns with Australia’s ecological and economic needs. It allows farming to concentrate on productive areas while letting nature heal degraded regions.
The Role of Collective Action and Policy in Australia
Addressing Greenwashing and Corporate Influence
Australian industries must be held accountable for misleading claims:
Strengthen regulatory frameworks to ensure environmental claims are verified.
Implement penalties for non-compliance in rehabilitation commitments.
Building National and Global Coalitions
Australia must take a leadership role in climate and environmental initiatives:
Enhance commitments under the Paris Agreement to achieve net-zero targets.
Partner with Pacific Island nations to combat regional climate impacts.
Conclusion: Australia’s Responsibility and Opportunity
Australia has the chance to lead the world in addressing our Earth systems collapse. By phasing out fossil fuels, transitioning livestock farming to sustainable alternatives, and using CSIRO’s expertise, the nation can protect its ecosystems while bolstering its economy. Rewilding marginal lands offers a path to biodiversity recovery and climate resilience. The time to act is now – Australia’s future depends on it.
Question for Readers
What role should Australia’s research institutions and policymakers play in addressing earth systems collapse and other environmental challenges?
Call to Action
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Admirable as your views on this vexing subject appear to be, Denis, and acknowledging that your default position on most things that you’ve written about appears to be of the ‘glass half full’ perspective, viz, an optimistic outlook, as opposed to the antithetical position of ‘glass half empty, pessimistic’ position, I – whether alone in this view or within a legion of similarly-minded scribblers – take the view that we’re, to put it in the vulgar, screwed, vis-à-vis the existential question of pulling back from the brink that we, humanity, currently find ourselves.
Keeping in mind that this is but one of seven continents, and that until a mere couple of hundred years ago plus a few decades it had not been affected by the broad brush developments of the so-called modern world, we’ve managed to do a pretty good job of trashing the joint since the advent of western colonisation.
You acknowledge the massive environmental consequences of mining; the destruction of landscapes, the destruction of indigenous heritage sites, the despoiling of rivers, poisoning and pollution of rivers, the massive and indiscriminate annihilation of both flora and fauna ecosystems and members, as well as the profoundly negative impacts of farming & grazing across the continent; soil erosion, siltation and sedimentation of river systems along with the destruction of natural flows leading to almost total species wipe out in many of the fresh-water systems. Couple these few examples with the as-yet unaddressed issues of millions of feral animals laying waste to landscapes and native animals, and in total you’re looking at an unmitigated disaster that objective qualifies as one of the planet’s greatest feats of environmental destruction. Prima facie evidence would suggest there’s neither the appropriate acknowledgement from those who have the capacity to respond, nor the commitment to do so.
There’s much left unmentioned here; use of chemicals in the environment and their impact on both humans and the broader environmental consequences. Deforestation. Failure to adapt and adopt best-practices across the board in areas of land & water management. Failure to achieve sovereign independence in food & fibre resourcing and provision.
All that’s said above applies to this continent only. Five of the other six are in similar straits.
The consequences of global warming are well-described and only ostriches with their heads in the sand would be unaware of the calamitous ramifications still to demonstrate their full sweep of consequences, but we’ve most certainly been offered the entrée; cyclones ramping up, floods and fires, melting of permafrost regions, thawing of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf with its hugely damaging potential to release gigatonnes of methane to atmosphere, glaciers and polar icecaps melting, oceans warming & acidifying… the list goes on, and I defy anyone to offer a ‘solution’ to these massive events now entrained; it is truly a case of humanity being that person strapped to the railway line while the hundred-thousand tonne locomotive bears down on the that helpless victim.
In summary, Denis, all power to your pen and (hah!) I hope I’m wrong, but as Randy Newman sang, ‘I don’t think so.’ Many people with a much firmer handle on what’s currently going on have come to the same bleak conclusion. I think there’s no cause to cheer, and no cause to lament; it is what it is. If humanity had been more sensitive, more awake, things would be different, but the same old issues that have been, and still are in play; indolence, apathy, greed, self-interest, venality, envy, etc. etc. – the worst elements of the human character – have all played a role in this evolving state of affairs. Gaia has definitely been whacked about the head, but she’ll survive. Not sure about the humans though.
Canguro, time will tell if we as a species are past the point of no return. I would still like to believe it possible to save ourselves and our environment if enough people stand up and demand much better from our so called leaders.
Unfortunately too many Australians have been conditioned by a generation of Tanton Network sustainable population and dog whistling undefined ‘immigrants’ and population growth.
Imported greenwashing to deflect from fossil fuels and anything else to avoid personal responsibility, concrete action and indirectly allows policy passivity on carbon; too easy….
It is not just corporate corruption in/of governance that is hurtling us into facilitating our own extinction, it is also the cross-societal predominance of human exceptionalism, aka anthropocentrism.
“Humans are a species of animal dependent upon the functions of other species for continued survival” is statement that would be disputed or outright rejected by swathes of humanity.
Homo sapiens invent gods in our own image, whilst deriding the welfare (or survival) of our non-human biospheric co-inhabitants as peripheral or irrelevant.
I am watching remaining tracts of forest (the stuff that regulates temperature, stores and appropriately rations water into the hydrocycle and exudes livable air) being fragmented, degraded and destroyed in tax-subsidised rapine,
Whilst simultaneously observing a new societal trend; hubby sits in oversized SUV with the engine & aircon running playing with his phone, keeping things cool whilst the missus does the shopping.
PS thanks you Andrew for yet again providing your rote-writ perspective (environmentalism = racism) on the author’s subject of the observable phenomenon of natural systems unravelling and collapsing around us On the bright side, at least you aren’t defending H!tlers invasion of Poland.
The one big assertion here is that the earth was perfect before the industrial age. Yes i agree we have done damage but what damage have we really done? The Aboriginies changed the landscape over a few thousand years and every one agrees it was for the better……for them. I for one dont subscribe to let nature rip everywhere. Sure i would like a cleaner environment and thats within our hands. Nature does its thing without a care about us yet we seem to think we need to treat it with kid gloves. We have reach a period of total fuckery but also enlightenment. Without the industrial age we would all be living in poverty. I suggest a bit more perspective on the whole subject. We need to establish the ground rules. What is our goal in preserving the environment as it was 200years ago? The answer seems to me a bit wishy washy. Nature itself is constantly changing, doing its own thing.
andy:
Well, the first and most basic goal is to make sure the systems that make this planet habitable remain sufficiently stable for said planet to remain habitable. Many of tghose systems are in severe decline and are near, or past tipping points. It’s not about keeping like it was 200 years ago, it’s about stopping it from becoming more like what it was before humans – and other animals, and maybe even many plants – could evolve.
And that is just avoiding the absolute worst case scenario. Life is entirely dependant on our natural environment. The fact that it has survived so far (albeit in a greatly depleted state) does not mean it will continue to do so. There is a limit to how much poison you can pump into a system before it dies.
Talk about heads buried in sand …
Leerfe, I am asking the question, not head n the sand. Us humans are having an impact for sure, but is it any different to a catastrophic natural event ? If it’s natural it’s acceptable but if it’s human, it’s a disaster ?
What are we trying to preserve? The food chain? The inhabitable environment? Evolution?
If it can’t be defined, wtf are we arguing about?
A56,
Is being randomly struck by a bolt of lightning really any different from deliberately sticking a metal fork into a live power socket?
As you observed, nature does its own thing, although current extinction rates would disagree with your assertion that our actions are inconsequential to its health of function.
Perhaps before contemplating the validity of attempting to revert ecosystems back towards something resembling that of 2 centuries past, we should probably look at ways of arresting the acceleration of the currently unfolding 6th global mass extinction event, especially as we humans are the primary initiating agents, and the processes driving it are concurrently pushing our planetary climate towards increased inhospitabilty through inhabitability.
Ending governments subsidies of the systematic gang-rape of remaining canopy ecosystems would probably be a good start. https://www2.environment.nsw.gov.au/news/fcnsw-penalised-illegal-harvesting-bindarri-national-park
Corvusboreus, thanks for the gaslighting and shooting of messengers to avoid reality?
Like Tanton linked SPA, a German immigrant complained of ageing Australia’s RW obsession of immigrants, but don’t seem courageous enough to take on RW MSM and fossil fueled social Darwinism; glib, lazy and misinformed….
Related to Tanton, SPA, proxy white Oz and elsewhere, centre/left ProPublica had a recent article ‘Environment: The Ghosts of John Tanton..
…..Tanton’s Network: Today’s contentious immigration debate is the construct of one man’s effort to halt overpopulation, brace for climate change and preserve “European” culture.’
https://www.propublica.org/article/john-tanton-far-right-extremism-environmentalism-climate-change
Andrew Smith, Immigration is but a small element in a huge puzzle in terms of factors driving species extinction and climate destabilisation ( earth system failures), yet it seems to be your single obsession within environmental subjects (nobody else on this article or thread has even mentioned it).
But, as you mentioned it, since official projections forsee Australia’s human population topping 30 million within the next decade (with immigration being a driving factor), what measures would you suggest to help incorporate these 4+ million extra humans without causing further negative impacts and cost to Australias natural environment?
Or is that an issue simply not worth considering?
You agree with Tanton’s sentiments, that bypass science and grounded analysis?
Our media and influencers focus on short term border noise ie. churnover of students under the NOM, mislabelled as ‘immigrants’ and included in the est. resident population; spikes in short term and international education keeps the population up.
They then focus on old news, low and below replacement fertility over past generations, but avoid the elephant in the room.
Boomer ‘bomb’ and silent generations dominate, 7+ million, through longevity and last symptoms of higher fertility; over the next couple of decades they aggregate and increase population, before the ‘big die off’ kicks in then problem solved?
Andrew Smith, I admit, and have often referenced, that I’m a slow learner, but what is it about the Tanton influence that you’ve so often, repeatedly, mentioned in your posts? I get it that he was anti-immigration, pro-maintaining the dominant WASP culture of the USA, as well as alluding to environmental impacts of uncontrolled population growth, but what, exactly, is his dominant significance that has you repeatedly referencing him?
And how does this play into the scenario of the reality of the burgeoning global population that, understandably, just as you and I do our best to find our way and our fit in this world, so do all peoples, everywhere, and in the natural context of fight & flight, attraction & repulsion – biological imperatives both – who (these people) endeavour to find a locale where they can exist, safely, without stress & angst & fear & threat being the daily experience?
The paradigm of rejection of refugees seeking safe haven, whether in North America, Britain, Europe or Australia, all as a consequence of failed social structures at their points of origin, signifies an obdurate unwillingness to accept the core circumstances that motivate these transnational migrations of distressed humans.
Please explain in cogent terms your best sense of how this existential 21st C phenomenon is best resolved.
Like Atlas Koch Network, who share donors, their influence is widespread across the Anglosphere, and globally Europe. What are you saying, or can you ask a clear question?
No mate, I can’t. Your comments have always struck me as cryptic and incomprehensible; it seems you’re incapable of clear and concise communication. As you were, carry on.
It’s not about your opinions expressed in long word salads and telling others what to do running cpver for those linked to Tanton Network inc. Bannon and Farage?
I’ll try something more explicit; the dec. white nationalist John ‘passive eugneics’ Tanton admired white Oz policy, had visited Oz and was hosted by SusPop Aus.
The same Tanton was familiar with Abbott’s lead at the Budapest Danube Inst. (partnered with Atlas Koch Heritage Foundation which developed Project 2025 with Tanton types & Miller Trump’s DCoS); John O’Sullivan who is also Quadrant’s Euro correspondent and former US National Review journalist.
Tanton was also familiar with Tucker Carlson and Brit born Peter Brimelow (who had worked at the National Review too), according to Media Matters US, both were working at FoxNews till stood down.
Meanwhile, according to Media Matters, till then Brimelow had allegedly reported directly to Rupert Murdoch (sensible and ethical decision by ‘pro-immigrant’ management to stand both Carlson & Brimelow down).
Here’s the article link, you can talk to that or any related questions, it was written by Matt Gertz Feb 2022, not me 🙂
https://www.mediamatters.org/fox-news/if-you-are-business-fox-news-you-are-hook-its-white-nationalism
Andrew Smith,
Not exactly sure how continuing to acknowledge that student visas (and extensions thereof) are temporary visas rather than permanent residencies will help mitigate against the observable environmental impacts of increased overall population growth, but thank you for providing an autopiloted response to my enquiry.
Of course, given your oft-displayed apathy about environmental issues, and attendant expressions of suspicion through detestation of those who champion environmental causes, it was a bit like asking an angler fish how to best arrest terrestrial desertification.
hahaha, the immigration angle. We dont want to destroy australia’s environment by having too many people. Now that is the ultimate in “i’m ok jack, fuck you.”
It seems “our precious environment” is far more important than humans. Australia’s environment is far more important than anywhere else on this planet.
As I said many times before, we can increase the population orderly or we will get swamped. Now how is that going to impact your precious environment?
Before any dick jumps on me and puts words in my mouth, I AM FOR THE ENVIRONMENT. But i have to ask the questions that everyone else seems to avoid. Its no good making general or motherhood statements. You have to define the problem and tell us what the goals should be. Then we can make a plan……..Nobody here has so far done either, just a willingness to argue…..or pick on immigrants because its such an easy non voting target. You wont be labeled a racist in this “safe” debate.
A56,
In case you didn’t realise, humans comprise around 34% of the total mammalian biomass, and 20 species of domesticates (mainly livestock) comprise another 62%.
That leaves 4% of the total mammalian biomass as wild animals (including human vectored ferals),and half of that mass is oceanic mammals.
So yeah, the ‘precious environment’ has already been thoroughly marginalised to accommodate the desires of our species.
Nature has been well and truly backed into a corner and ain’t got much more to give.
Immigration? As I previously said, only one small piece of a large and complex puzzle, but, as you alluded to, near future mass migrations are pretty much already a locked in certainty, especially as the increasingly destabilized climate continues to drive accelerating searise and inundates densely populated littoral & alluvial areas around the globe.
When these desperate teeming hordes of involuntarily displaced people start arriving in unprecedented numbers, do you really think we will be better able to cope with these desperately needy folk if we have already grossly bloated our numbers through voluntary intake?
I agree that, in the interim, an orderly increase is needed, rather than the current frenzy of an extra 4 million per decade.
You ask what are the problems and possible goals for solutions?
The author has summarised them well enough for lay consumption (cheers Denis), and your verbiage and tone of demand doesn’t really encourage me to take the time to expand further, especially to such an obviously hostile set of ears.
Happy Xmas, corvus out.
Agree andy56, avoidance of expertise and science in favour of old conservative ecological constructs blaming the lower classes and/or the other for environmental degradation and carbon emissions, rebranded and promoted by RW FIRE MSM; deflects from fossil fuels.
On our media not informing people, a comment on BlueSky from a Canadian who consulted with ALP and a journalist complain how Oz shares same repetitive themes as UK, US and parts of Europe. Same transnational talking points around fossil fuels, immigration, cost of living, housing, ‘woke’, ‘freedom’ etc.; none are original.
Here it is ‘Jack M
Australian political analysis is rarely informed by global trends. Nothing that is happening to the Labor or Liberal electoral coalitions is happening in vacuum in Australia. We aren’t that unique as much as it makes our pundits feel comfortable to pretend we are’
‘Osmond Chiu What I really noticed is it felt shorn of any wider global context other than a fleeting reference to the UK election, esp as party system fragmentation & housing being a huge issue are not isolated to Australia. It didn’t grapple w/ whether #auspol is just catching up to the rest of the globe’
Someone said years ago local media sees its role as insulating Australians from the outside world and reality, global news equals UK and US….. One would add editors, journalists and commentators prefer comfort of horse race calling by following 5almjng points and polls on wedge issues….
Not that I disparage angler fish, I actually think they’re pretty phuqqen cool.
Not only do they have one of the most undeniably loverly faces in the animal kingdom, and dangly bioluminescent prey-lures (hence the name), but their reproductive habits are hilarious.
The male is about 10% of the females size, and when he gets lucky with a lady, he latches on with locked jaw. And there he stays, jaw fused and body atrophying (bar the reproductive junk), drip feeding off her blood.
Thus the female subsequently swims around with a little bolt-on boy-bit that she finstrokes whenever she feels the urge to make babies.
Beautiful to behold.
Good thing is, anglers live in deeper darker oceans down to abysso-pelagic levels, and can exist as both bathos and benthos, so they are probably one of the less likely cohabitative lifeforms to suffer extinction through our stupidity.
What the fuckettyfuck does this have to do with immigration? Global population levels are more pertinent to widescale environmental collapse. Energy use, energy sources, resource extraction, habitat depletion, biodiversity loss … these are worldwide problems and a few million people moving from there to here will not change that.
Focusing on movement of people is just another distraction tactic by the powers-that-be to prevent people focusing on what they are doing.
Leefe, as a student said in Daily Mail comments section several years back ‘anyone with basic maths and a calculator using fertility trends can see inevitable global stagnation and decline’.
So why bother and can you name one nation with positively trending fertility rates?
Why bang on about ‘immigrants’ vs. demanding action for government to develop sensible policies and regulation of carbon and maintaining the environment? Too easy to distract people in Oz with a dog whistle about (post 1970s) immigrants…..